Citrate esters are esters of citric acid. Citric acid reacts with various alcohols to form related citrate esters. These esters have strong solubility, oil resistance, light resistance and good mold resistance. Therefore, people use citrate esters as plasticizers for cellulose resins and vinyl resins. The important citrate esters are Tributyl Citrate (TBC), Acetyl Triethyl Citrate(ATEC), Triethyl Citrate(TEC), Acetyl Tributyl Citrate(ATBC) and Tributyl Citrate(TBC).
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Tributyl Citrate (TBC) is an ester of citric acid, a colorless oily liquid. And it is soluble in most organic solvents. With a boiling point 170℃ (133.3Pa), flash point (open cup) 185℃, refractive index (25℃/D) 1.443-1.445, and relative density (25/25℃) 1.037-1.045, above all, it is a non-toxic plasticizer. So, Tributyl
Acetyl Triethyl Citrate(ATEC) is a citrate ester, a colorless oily liquid. With a boiling point 228-229 °C100 mm Hg(lit.), flash point >230°F, refractive index n20/D 1.439(lit.), relative density (25/25℃) 1.135~1.139. above all, it is a non-toxic plasticizer, mainly used as a plasticizer for cellulose resin, non-toxic PVC granulation, making food
Triethyl citrate(tec) is a colorless oily liquid that is soluble in most organic solvents. Boiling point 150ºC(0.4KPa), flash point (open cup) 155℃, refractive index 1.4455 (20℃,589.3 nm), relative density (25/25℃) 1.135~1.139. It is a non-toxic, anti-fungal and environmentally friendly plasticizer that is allowed to be used in food packaging, medical
Acetyl Tributyl Citrate(ATBC) is a colorless, odorless oily liquid, boiling point 343°C (0.101MPa), flash point (open cup) 204°C, freezing point -80°C, hydrolysis rate 0.1% (100°C, 6 hours), soluble in most organic solvents, insoluble in water. It is a non-toxic, odorless and safe plasticizer with excellent heat resistance, cold resistance, light
Tributyl Citrate(TBC) is a colorless oily liquid that is soluble in most organic solvents. Boiling point 170℃ (133.3Pa), flash point (open cup) 185℃, refractive index (25℃/D) 1.443-1.445, relative density (25/25℃) 1.037-1.045. It is a non-toxic plasticizer, can be used to granulate non-toxic PVC and make food packaging materials.
Citrate esters mainly include Acetyl Tributyl Citrate, Tributyl Citrate, Triethyl Citrate, and Triethyl O-acetylcitrate.
The main varieties of citrate esters are tributyl citrate (TBC) and acetyltributyl citrate (ATBC). These citrate esters are as safe and non-toxic plasticizers.
Citrate esters as plasticizers, have strong solubility, oil resistance, light resistance, and good mold resistance.
These esters have good compatibility with most cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, etc. Therefore, people use them as plasticizers for cellulose resin and vinyl resin.
Weifang Integratechem Co., Ltd. is a leading, experienced and professional supplier of citrate esters. Now we manufacture and supply a series of citrate esters, mainly used as plasticizers etc. We are continuously committed to providing customers with competitive prices and consistent service to meet their needs.
According to the chemical structure. Can be divided into: (1) Phthalate esters; (2) Aliphatic dibasic acid esters; (3) Phosphate esters (4) Epoxy compounds; (5) Polymeric plasticizers; ( 6) Benzene polyester; (7) Chlorine-containing plasticizer; (8) Alkyl sulfonate ester; (9) Polyol ester; (10) Other plasticizers.
Citrate esters and corresponding alcohol are formed through esterification reaction and distillation purification under the action of catalyst.
Use a catalyst that has good catalytic activity and can be removed from the system without neutralization and water washing, or a catalyst that forms a homogeneous phase with the ester at the reaction temperature and precipitates in a solid state after lowering the temperature.
The carboxylic acid and alcohol can be heated in the presence of a small number of catalysts (concentrated sulfuric acid, dry hydrogen chloride, strong acid type ion exchange resin) to form esters. This reaction is called esterification. Esterification is a reversible reaction, and when equilibrium is reached, a certain number of reactants and products are present.
The functional group of citrate esters is -COO-, which is formed by dehydration of carboxyl group (-COOH) and hydroxyl group (-OH).
The main varieties of citrate esters are tributyl citrate (TBC) and acetyltributyl citrate (ATBC). These citrate esters are as safe and non-toxic plasticizers. Citrate esters as plasticizer, have strong solubility, oil resistance, light resistance and good mold resistance. These citrate esters have good compatibility with most cellulose, polyvinyl chloride, polyvinyl acetate, etc. Therefore people mainly used them as plasticizers for cellulose resins and vinyl resins.
Since citric acid is a tricarboxylic acid, if the alcohol involved in the reaction is a monol, then one molecule of citric acid reacts with three molecules of a monol to produce a molecule of citrate ester. After the coefficients corresponding to the chemical reaction are multiplied by their respective molecular weights, the ratio between the three products is the ratio of raw material consumption.
The most cost-effective plasticizers are dibutyl phthalate and dioctyl phthalate.
Dimethyl phthalate
The word “ester” can be preceded by the corresponding carboxylic acid and alcohol names. The word “alcohol” can generally be omitted, that is, “some” acid “some” ester. But the ester of polyols, generally put the “acid behind, called” an alcohol an acid ester.”
Heating and adding catalyst can only accelerate the reaction speed, and has no effect on the composition of the balanced material. In order to increase the yield of esters, excessive carboxylic acids and alcohols are often added, or the resulting water is constantly removed from the reaction mixture. If the boiling point of the ester produced is very low, the ester can also be steamed out. In short, the equilibrium is destroyed to improve the yield of ester. For example, the industrial production of ethyl acetate is to use excessive acetic acid, the generated ethyl acetate and water azeotrope (water 8.6%, ethyl acetate 91.4%, constant boiling point 70.45℃) to steam out, so that the balance is destroyed, and then continue to add acetic acid and ethanol, continue to steam ethyl acetate and water, continuous production.
The hydrolysis of esters in alkali solution is also called saponification reaction, which is because the advanced fatty acid salt obtained by alkaline hydrolysis of grease is the reason of soap.
With extensive experience and expertise, Integratechem Co., Ltd specializes in supplying high-quality, effective citrate esters. As one of the leading manufacturers and suppliers in China, we are equipped with professional and productive citrate esters factory. Please feel free to buy.
